Quiz: Week 3 — 10 questions

1. What is the central purpose of survey research?

A. To collect responses that address a defined research purpose

B. To observe behavior without asking participants questions

C. To develop clinical interventions for individual participants

D. To assign participants to experimental treatment conditions

Answer: (A)

Explanation

Survey research gathers respondents’ answers to investigate a research purpose, such as dating challenges or ethnic belonging. Experimental assignment and clinical intervention involve different research activities, while observation does not necessarily rely on collected survey responses.

2. What is the primary purpose of survey research?

A. To collect responses that help understand a specific research goal, such as challenges in modern dating or sense of belonging.

B. To conduct in-depth examinations of individual cases.

C. To analyze existing data sets for trends and patterns.

D. To observe behaviors in natural settings without interference.

Answer: (A)

Explanation

Survey research aims to gather responses that help understand a particular research purpose, such as social challenges or personal experiences. Observational and archival methods serve different purposes, like behavior observation or data analysis.

3. Which sequence best represents the main stages of survey design?

A. Determine the purpose, choose question types, administer the survey, and consider sampling

B. Choose a sample, analyze results, write questions, and define the research purpose

C. Write conclusions, select participants, choose a scale, and establish the research purpose

D. Administer the survey, recruit interviewers, select a theory, and revise the findings

Answer: (A)

Explanation

Survey design includes defining the purpose, selecting question formats, administering the survey, and considering sampling. The other sequences place analysis, conclusions, or unrelated activities in the central design process.

4. What is the sequence of stages involved in survey design?

A. Administration, purpose, question types, sampling

B. Sampling, question types, purpose, administration

C. Purpose, question types, administration, sampling

D. Question types, purpose, sampling, administration

Answer: (C)

Explanation

The stages of survey design are purpose, choosing question types, administering the survey, and considering sampling. The sequence helps ensure a structured approach to effective survey creation.

5. Why might a researcher choose an open-ended question instead of a close-ended question?

A. It provides listed choices that make responses easier to code

B. It limits answers to categories selected before data collection

C. It reduces participant effort by offering a short response menu

D. It permits a fuller response when respondents’ views may vary widely

Answer: (D)

Explanation

Open-ended questions let participants express answers in their own words, producing more complete responses when possible views are diverse. Listed choices and easier coding are characteristics of close-ended questions, not open-ended ones.

6. What is the main purpose of carefully designing survey questions to avoid double-barreled items and ambiguous wording?

A. To simplify the analysis process by including straightforward questions

B. To make the survey more engaging and interesting for participants

C. To ensure that responses accurately reflect the respondent's true opinions and reduce bias

D. To increase the number of questions and cover more topics

Answer: (C)

Explanation

Avoiding double-barreled questions and ambiguous wording helps ensure that responses are clear and directly related to a single issue, reducing confusion and bias. This improves the validity of the survey results, unlike options that focus on engagement or simplicity which are secondary concerns.

7. Which set contains three recognized survey question formats?

A. Experimental conditions, demographic profiles, and interview transcripts

B. Narrative interviews, behavioral observations, and clinical checklists

C. Categorical questions, visual analogue scales, and Likert scales

D. Field notes, case studies, and physiological measurements

Answer: (C)

Explanation

Categorical questions, visual analogue scales, and Likert scales are identified as survey formats. The other sets combine methods or materials that are not the three specified question formats.

8. When was the importance of survey administration methods, such as face-to-face, telephone, written, and computerized formats, formally emphasized in the course outline?

A. During the section on survey administration, which was introduced after survey question pitfalls.

B. In the section on alternative non-experimental methods, which followed survey administration.

C. In the initial part of the course, which focused on survey purposes and design.

D. At the end of the course, during the discussion of sampling strategies.

Answer: (A)

Explanation

The course outline explicitly discusses survey administration methods in section 4, after covering survey question pitfalls and before sampling strategies. This placement emphasizes the importance of choosing appropriate administration formats after designing questions.

9. How does stratified random sampling differ from cluster sampling in selecting participants for a survey?

A. Stratified random sampling randomly selects individuals from the entire population without grouping, whereas cluster sampling divides the population into subgroups and samples from each.

B. Stratified random sampling uses non-probability methods based on convenience, while cluster sampling uses probability methods to select groups.

C. Stratified random sampling focuses on selecting entire clusters, whereas cluster sampling aims to represent subgroups proportionally.

D. Stratified random sampling involves dividing the population into subgroups and sampling proportionally from each, while cluster sampling involves selecting entire groups and surveying all members within those groups.

Answer: (D)

Explanation

Stratified random sampling divides the population into subgroups and samples proportionally from each, ensuring representation of key segments. Cluster sampling, on the other hand, involves selecting entire groups and surveying all members within those groups, which is useful for logistical reasons.

10. Who is credited with proposing the use of archival data for research purposes, including the analysis of existing records such as employment trends and crime statistics?

A. Theorist John Archival

B. Scientist Samuel Record

C. Researcher Archibald Data

D. Researcher Archival

Answer: (D)

Explanation

Archival research as a method involves using existing data, and it is credited to researchers who utilize pre-collected records for analysis. The other options are fabricated names not associated with this concept.