Karteikarten: Understanding Salt Solubility and Precipitation — 18 Karten

Salts — composition?

Formed from positive and negative ions.

Solubility — definition?

Max salt amount dissolvable in water at a specific T.

Soluble salts — example?

Sodium hydroxide, nitrates like silver nitrate.

Insoluble salts — example?

Calcium carbonate, barium sulfate.

Solubility at 25 ºC — trend?

Varies; generally increases with temperature.

Precipitation reaction — process?

Formation of insoluble salt from soluble reactants.

Precipitate — definition?

Poorly soluble solid formed during reactions.

Chemical equation — example?

Pb(NO₃)₂ + 2 KI → PbI₂ (s) + 2 NaNO₃.

Solubility and temperature — effect?

Most salts dissolve more as temperature rises.

Exceptions — salts?

Calcium carbonate decreases solubility with higher T.

Natural precipitation — example?

Stalactites formed from calcium carbonate deposits.

Dissolution of calcium carbonate — role?

Releases calcium bicarbonate into water.

Recrystallization — process?

Precipitation of calcium carbonate from calcium bicarbonate.

Environmental impact — example?

Acid rain dissolves limestone, forming caves.

Formation of stalactites — mechanism?

Precipitation of calcium carbonate from dripping water.

Dissolution — reaction?

Calcium carbonate + acid → calcium bicarbonate.

Recrystallization — reaction?

Calcium bicarbonate → calcium carbonate + CO₂.

Effect of temperature on solubility — general?

Usually increases, but some salts like calcium carbonate decrease.