Tarjetas de memoria: Fundamentals of Supply and Demand Market Dynamics — 10 tarjetas

What are the main assumptions of the market model?

The market model assumes many buyers and sellers, perfect information for all participants, identical goods as perfect substitutes, self-interested behavior with protected property rights, and free entry and exit in markets.

Market equilibrium — definition?

Supply equals demand at this point.

How does the demand curve relate to the law of demand, and what causes it to shift or move along?

The demand curve slopes downward, illustrating the law of demand: as price increases, quantity demanded decreases. Movements along the curve are caused by price changes; shifts are driven by factors like income, tastes, related goods, and expectations.

Demand curve — slope?

Downward sloping.

What is price elasticity of demand, and how does it influence total revenue when prices change?

Price elasticity of demand measures responsiveness of quantity demanded to price changes, calculated as %ΔQd / %ΔP. If demand is elastic (>1), increasing price decreases total revenue; if inelastic (<1), increasing price raises total revenue.

Supply curve — slope?

Upward sloping.

Price elasticity — measures?

Responsiveness of quantity to price changes.

Surplus — occurs when?

Price is above equilibrium.

Demand shift factors?

Income, tastes, related goods, expectations.

Supply shift factors?

Technology, input costs, number of sellers.