Foundations of Modern Western Society

📋 Course Outline

1. European motivations and consequences of Atlantic exploration
2. Development of modern capitalism through colonies and mercantilism
3. English parliamentary system and constitutional developments
4. Philosophical foundations of government and social contract theory
5. Impact of the Protestant Reformation on political authority and social hierarchy
6. Emergence of new social structures, economic models, and intellectual paradigms in colonial times

📖 1. European motivations and consequences of Atlantic exploration

🔑 Key Concepts & Definitions

• Age of Exploration : A historical period characterized by European efforts to discover new maritime routes and territories, motivated by the need to find alternative paths to Asia after traditional trading routes were closed.
• Spanish Reconquista : A historical process involving the Christian reconquest of the Iberian Peninsula, which encouraged westward movement and contributed to European crossing of the Atlantic.
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📝 Essential Points