Crista galli
Explicación
The crista galli is a vertical projection of the ethmoid bone that serves as an attachment point for the falx cerebri, a dural fold that separates the two cerebral hemispheres.
Ethmoid bone
Explicación
The ethmoid bone contains the cribriform plate, which has foramina for the olfactory nerve fibers to pass through, essential for the sense of smell.
Crista galli
Explicación
The crista galli is a vertical projection of the ethmoid bone that acts as an attachment point for the falx cerebri, a dural fold that separates the two cerebral hemispheres.
Sphenoid bone
Explicación
The sella turcica is a saddle-shaped depression on the sphenoid bone that houses the pituitary gland, an endocrine gland vital for hormonal regulation.
Crista galli
Explicación
The crista galli is a vertical projection of the ethmoid bone that serves as an attachment point for the falx cerebri, a dural fold that helps secure the brain within the skull.
Petrous part
Explicación
The petrous part of the temporal bone encases the delicate structures of the inner ear, crucial for hearing and balance.
Crista galli
Explicación
The crista galli is a vertical projection of the ethmoid bone that serves as an attachment point for the falx cerebri, a dural reflection that separates the two cerebral hemispheres. It is located on the superior surface of the cribriform plate.
Stylomastoid foramen
Explicación
The stylomastoid foramen is the opening through which the facial nerve (CN VII) exits the skull, located between the styloid and mastoid processes.
Pterygoid hamulus
Explicación
The pterygoid hamulus is a hook-shaped projection of the medial pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone. It acts as an attachment point for the sphenomandibular ligament, which helps suspend the mandible and is important in temporomandibular joint function.
Sphenoid bone
Explicación
The sphenoid bone is centrally located and articulates with all other cranial bones, serving as a key structural element of the skull.
Cribriform plate
Explicación
The cribriform plate of the sphenoid bone contains foramina that allow the olfactory nerves (CN I) to pass from the nasal cavity to the olfactory bulbs. It is a horizontal plate located at the anterior aspect of the sphenoid and is essential for the sense of smell.
Ethmoid bone
Explicación
The ethmoidal labyrinth houses the ethmoidal air cells (sinuses) and contributes to the formation of the nasal cavity and orbit.
Petrous part
Explicación
The petrous part of the temporal bone encloses the structures of the inner ear responsible for hearing and balance, including the cochlea and semicircular canals. It also transmits crucial nerves and vessels such as the internal acoustic meatus (for cranial nerves VII and VIII), the carotid canal (internal carotid artery), and the jugular fossa (jugular vein and cranial nerves IX, X, XI).
Optic canal
Explicación
The lesser wings form part of the boundary of the optic canal, through which the optic nerve (CN II) passes, connecting the orbit to the cranial cavity.
Stylomastoid foramen
Explicación
The stylomastoid foramen is the opening through which the facial nerve (CN VII) exits the skull to supply the muscles of facial expression. The internal acoustic meatus transmits the facial nerve along with the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) into the petrous part of the temporal bone. The jugular foramen transmits the internal jugular vein and cranial nerves IX, X, and XI. The carotid canal transmits the internal carotid artery into the brain.
Stylomastoid foramen
Explicación
The stylomastoid foramen is the opening in the temporal bone through which the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) exits the skull to innervate the muscles of facial expression. The internal acoustic meatus transmits the facial nerve along with the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII), but it remains within the skull. The jugular foramen transmits the internal jugular vein and cranial nerves IX, X, and XI. The carotid canal transmits the internal carotid artery into the cranial cavity.
Crista galli
Explicación
The crista galli is a vertical projection of the ethmoid bone that serves as the attachment point for the falx cerebri, a dural fold that separates the two cerebral hemispheres.
Body of sphenoid bone
Explicación
The body of the sphenoid bone contains the sella turcica, a saddle-shaped depression that houses the pituitary gland. This is a key feature of the sphenoid bone, situated at the skull base.
Stylomastoid foramen
Explicación
The stylomastoid foramen is the opening through which the facial nerve (CN VII) exits the skull to innervate facial muscles. The internal acoustic meatus transmits nerves related to hearing and balance (CN VII and VIII), the jugular foramen transmits the glossopharyngeal, vagus, and accessory nerves, and the carotid canal transmits the internal carotid artery.
Stylomastoid foramen
Explicación
The stylomastoid foramen is the opening in the temporal bone through which the motor fibers of the facial nerve (CN VII) exit the skull. It is situated just posterior to the styloid process. The other foramina have different functions: the carotid canal transmits the internal carotid artery, the internal acoustic meatus transmits cranial nerves VII (facial) and VIII (vestibulocochlear), and the jugular foramen transmits the internal jugular vein and cranial nerves IX, X, and XI.
Stylomastoid foramen
Explicación
The stylomastoid foramen is the opening through which the facial nerve (CN VII) exits the skull. It is located between the styloid and mastoid processes of the temporal bone.
Crista galli
Explicación
The crista galli is a vertical projection of the ethmoid bone that serves as an attachment point for the falx cerebri, a dural fold in the brain. It is located on the superior surface of the ethmoid bone's cribriform plate.
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Ethmoid bone — location?
Unpaired, anterior skull base, between orbits
Ethmoid bone — what does it form?
Part of skull base, nasal septum, orbit wall
Ethmoid bone — articulations?
Frontal, nasal, sphenoid, maxillary bones
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