Cellular organization: Although not explicitly defined in the source, cellular organization refers to the arrangement of biological molecules into cells, which are the fundamental units of life. Cells are organized structures that carry out specific functions necessary for life.
Metabolism: As per the source, life is distinguished by biological processes such as signaling and self-sustaining functions. Metabolism encompasses all chemical reactions within an organism that enable it to maintain life, including energy production, growth, and repair. These processes are essential for sustaining cellular functions and overall organismal health.
Homeostasis: While not explicitly defined in the source, homeostasis involves the regulation of internal conditions to maintain a stable internal environment, which is crucial for the proper functioning of living organisms. It ensures that factors like temperature, pH, and fluid balance remain within optimal ranges.
1. Who is credited with proposing the concept of adaptation through evolution as a characteristic of life?
2. What is a direct effect of the vast size range of living organisms and structures on scientific study?
3. What does variation refer to in the context of natural selection?
Characteristics of Life — key features?
Cellular organization, metabolism, heredity, response, homeostasis, adaptation.
Scale of Life — units?
Micrometres (μm) and nanometres (nm).
Natural Selection — requirements?
Variation, inheritance, selection, and time.
Endosymbiosis theory — explanation?
Eukaryotic organelles originated from engulfed bacteria.
Phylogenetic trees — purpose?
Show evolutionary relationships among organisms.
Origin of Life — main hypothesis?
RNA world, mineral catalysis, panspermia, hydrothermal vents.
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