Cuestionario: Mastering Organizational Behavior — 10 preguntas

1. What is the primary focus of Organizational Behavior (OB)?

A. Analyzing individual, group, and organizational dynamics influencing behavior

B. Managing financial resources efficiently

C. Studying external market trends

D. Developing new technological tools for organizations

Answer: (A)

Explicación

The primary focus of OB is analyzing the dynamics at the individual, group, and organizational levels that influence behavior within workplaces, aiming to improve effectiveness and efficiency.

2. What is a key characteristic of Lewin’s Change Model in organizational change management?

A. It includes three stages: Unfreeze, Change, Refreeze.

B. It emphasizes continuous, unending change without a clear starting point.

C. It suggests change should be avoided to maintain stability.

D. It focuses solely on the technological aspects of change.

Answer: (A)

Explicación

Lewin’s model is fundamental in change management, outlining three stages to effectively implement change. The 'Unfreeze' prepares the organization, 'Change' involves the transition, and 'Refreeze' stabilizes the new state.

3. Which of the following best describes Lewin’s three-stage model for managing change?

A. Assess, Adjust, Reinforce

B. Plan, Implement, Evaluate

C. Unfreeze, Change, Refreeze

D. Identify, Develop, Deploy

Answer: (C)

Explicación

Lewin’s model involves three stages: unfreezing (preparing for change), changing (implementing new behaviors), and refreezing (solidifying the new behaviors to make them permanent).

4. According to the revision sheet, what is the optimal span of control in organizational structures?

A. 3-4 subordinates.

B. 7-8 subordinates.

C. 5-6 subordinates.

D. 10-12 subordinates.

Answer: (C)

Explicación

The revision sheet indicates that the optimal span of control is 5-6 subordinates, balancing effective supervision with manageable workload.

5. According to the summary, which experiment demonstrated the power of social influence and conformity?

A. Hawthorne productivity study

B. Zimbardo prison experiment

C. Asch conformity experiment

D. Milgram obedience experiment

Answer: (C)

Explicación

The Asch conformity experiment showed how individuals often conform to group pressure, with about 75% of participants conforming at least once, highlighting the influence of social pressure on decision-making.

6. Which personality model mentioned in the revision sheet assesses individual differences and is commonly used in organizational behavior?

A. Big Five traits.

B. Freud’s Psychoanalytic Model.

C. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI).

D. The Enneagram.

Answer: (A), (C)

Explicación

The Big Five model measures five major personality traits and is widely used in studying individual differences in organizational behavior, as indicated in the revision sheet.

7. What does the Hawthorne effect demonstrate about worker productivity?

A. Productivity decreases when workers are observed.

B. Productivity remains unaffected by observation.

C. Productivity increases when workers are observed.

D. Productivity depends solely on wages, not observation.

Answer: (C)

Explicación

The Hawthorne effect shows that workers tend to increase productivity when they know they are being observed, highlighting the influence of attention and perception.

8. Which authority figures' influence on obedience and conformity is discussed in the revision sheet, with specific percentages?

A. Asch (75% conformity), Milgram (65% obedience).

B. Freud (50% conformity), Skinner (70% obedience).

C. Lewin (80% conformity), Zimbardo (60% obedience).

D. Maslow (55% conformity), Hertzberg (60% obedience).

Answer: (A)

Explicación

The revision sheet references Asch's experiments showing 75% conformity and Milgram's studies indicating 65% obedience, illustrating social influence effects.

9. In the context of organizational culture, what elements are created through stories, rituals, and symbols?

A. Shared values, norms, artifacts.

B. Legal regulations and policies.

C. Organizational structure and hierarchy.

D. Shared values, norms, artifacts.

E. Technological systems and tools.

Answer: (D)

Explicación

Stories, rituals, and symbols are used to create and reinforce shared values, norms, and artifacts within organizational culture, fostering a sense of identity and cohesion.

10. What is the difference between surface and deep diversity as discussed in the revision sheet?

A. Surface diversity is visible; deep diversity relates to underlying values.

B. Surface diversity pertains to skills; deep diversity pertains to age.

C. Surface diversity is about educational background; deep diversity is about gender.

D. Surface diversity is permanent; deep diversity is temporary.

Answer: (A)

Explicación

Surface diversity includes visible attributes like race or gender, while deep diversity pertains to deeper values and beliefs, both influencing team dynamics and innovation.