Alleles — definition?
Alternative forms of a gene.
Dominant vs recessive — difference?
Dominant shows in heterozygotes; recessive only in homozygotes.
Homozygous vs heterozygous — meaning?
Homozygous has identical alleles; heterozygous has different alleles.
Recessive trait — when observed?
Only when homozygous recessive.
Dominant trait — when observed?
In heterozygous or homozygous dominant.
Single-factor cross — purpose?
To study inheritance of one gene.
True-breeding parents — role?
Pure lines that pass traits reliably.
F1 generation — produced by?
Crossing two true-breeding parents.
F2 generation — produced by?
Crossing F1 individuals.
Gene locus — location?
Chromosome site of a gene.
Genotype notation — example?
TT, Tt, tt.
Punnett square — use?
Predict offspring genotypes and ratios.
Probability — formula?
Favorable outcomes divided by total outcomes.
Chance — in genetics?
Unpredictable outcome frequency.
Mendel’s law of segregation — states?
Alleles separate during gamete formation.
Predicting genotypes — method?
Use Punnett squares and inheritance rules.
Test cross — purpose?
Determine unknown genotype by crossing with tt.
Single-gene traits in animals — example?
EIC in dogs, coat types, leg length.
Pon a prueba tus conocimientos con 18 preguntas sobre Genetics Fundamentals and Inheritance.
1. What do the terms homozygous and heterozygous describe for a single gene?
2. When does a recessive trait appear in an individual?
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