Flashcard: Africa's Development and Geography — 16 carte

Africa's land area?

Second-largest continent, ~30 million km².

Africa's population?

Over 1.4 billion people.

Equator — location?

Divides Africa into north and south.

Sahara Desert — feature?

Largest hot desert, arid and hot.

Tropical rainforests — location?

Mainly in the Congo Basin.

Savannas — ecosystems?

Grasslands with scattered trees, e.g., Serengeti.

Number of countries?

54 sovereign nations.

Ancient civilizations?

Egypt, Mali, Great Zimbabwe—trade and culture centers.

Colonial period?

19th-20th century European division and exploitation.

Independence movements?

Mid-20th century efforts for sovereignty.

Urbanization — trend?

Rapid city growth post-independence.

Development indicators?

GDP per capita, life expectancy, literacy, infant mortality, HDI.

GDP per capita — role?

Measures average income, indicates wealth.

Life expectancy — significance?

Reflects healthcare and living conditions.

Literacy rate — importance?

Shows education levels and access.

Horn of Africa — countries?

Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Somalia.