Flashcard: Medieval Islamic Spain: From Caliphate to Reconquest — 18 carte

Al-Andalus Conquest — year?

711 AD

Battle of Guadalete — significance?

Decisive Muslim victory, start of conquest

Initial al-Andalus organization?

Emirate under Damascus, with Cordoba capital

Caliphate proclaimed by Abd al-Rahman III?

929 AD, marking political peak

Caliphate government roles?

Hayib, viziers, walis

Almanzor — role?

Military leader, expanded campaigns in late 10th century

Taifa kingdoms — formation?

Post-1031, fragmented caliphate into independent states

Christian conquest of Toledo?

1085 AD, pivotal Christian victory

North African empires — arrival?

Almoravids, 12th century, aided Muslim territories

Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa?

1212 AD, Christian decisive victory

Granada Nasrid Kingdom — period?

13th-15th centuries, last Muslim holdout

Reconquest phase?

Gradual Christian territorial expansion

Repopulation strategies?

Land grants to nobles, orders, settlers

Crown of Castile — key feature?

Unified laws, institutions, strong monarchy

Crown of Aragon — structure?

Confederation of regions with local laws

Al-Andalus society — groups?

Conquerors, muladis, mozarbabs, Jews

Andalusian art & architecture?

Mosques, palaces, intricate decoration, arches

Mesta — role?

Sheep herders' guild, economic influence in Castile