Flashcard: Post-War Middle Eastern Diplomacy — 24 carte

Arab Revolt — start date?

June 10, 1916

McMahon-Hussein Correspondence — purpose?

Promised Arab independence in Ottoman lands.

Sykes-Picot Agreement — secret division?

Yes, between Britain and France.

Balfour Declaration — year?

1917

Wilson’s 14 Points — main goal?

Promote peace and self-determination.

Treaty of Versailles — key feature?

Imposed penalties on Germany.

US refusal — treaty?

Refused to ratify, adopted isolationism.

League mandates — colonial?

Yes, they controlled former colonies.

San Remo Agreement — control?

Britain and France divided Middle Eastern oil.

Treaty of Sèvres — Ottoman?

Partitioned Ottoman Empire, reduced Turkey.

Turkish War — start?

1919, against occupation and Sèvres.

Treaty of Lausanne — effect?

Recognized Turkish sovereignty.

Red Line Agreement — purpose?

Oil monopoly among Western companies.

Treaty of Sèvres — minorities?

Ignored Armenian and Kurdish independence claims.

Mustafa Kemal — role?

Led Turkish nationalist resistance.

Mandate system — purpose?

Supervised former Ottoman and German territories.

League of Nations — main goal?

Maintain peace through collective security.

Self-determination — aim?

Allow nations to govern themselves.

Treaty of Lausanne — borders?

Established modern Turkey’s borders.

Minorities — impact?

Marginalized and often unprotected.

Oil discovery — year?

1927

Sykes-Picot — fully implemented?

No, mainly replaced by Treaty of Sèvres.

Wilson’s principles — include?

End secret treaties, self-determination, international peace.

Mandates — hierarchy?

Based on development, geography, economy.