Flashcard: Roman Power and Civil War — 24 carte

Caesar’s cursus honorum — sequence?

Praetor, consul, proconsul, dictator, dictator perpetuo.

Pontifex maximus — role?

Chief priest in Rome, held by Caesar from 64–44 BCE.

Cursus honorum — meaning?

Ordered sequence of public offices in Rome.

Pompey’s provinces — key areas?

Africa, Spain, Cilicia, and command in civil war.

First Triumvirate — pact?

Alliance between Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus to control politics.

Luca conference — year?

56 BCE, renewed proconsular commands for Caesar.

Pompey’s consulship — year?

70 BCE, then 55 and 52 BCE.

Caesar’s command dispute — key issue?

Whether Caesar could be consul while keeping his army.

Road to civil war — key event?

Caesar crossing the Rubicon in 49 BCE.

Rubicon — significance?

Symbolized Caesar’s decision to start civil war.

Civil war battles — first major?

Dyrrhachium, where Pompey won in 48 BCE.

Final civil war battle?

Pharsalus, where Caesar defeated Pompey in 48 BCE.

Pompey’s fate — after Egypt?

Fled to Egypt, then murdered by Ptolemy XIII’s advisers.

Caesar’s clemency — policy?

Spared prisoners, incorporated many into legions.

Caesar’s triumphs — notable?

Five triumphs, including Gallic and Pontic triumphs.

Triumph inscription — famous?

“I came, I saw, I conquered.”

Ides of March — date?

March 15, 44 BCE, Caesar’s assassination.

Conspirators — role?

Men who planned and carried out Caesar’s murder.

Caesar’s reaction — to kingship?

Rejected crown, sent it to Jupiter during Lupercalia.

Beginning or end? — Roman Republic?

Marked by Caesar’s death, debated as end or new beginning.

Caesar’s major campaigns —?

Gallic Wars, Second Mithridatic War.

Pompey’s early career —?

Consul, proconsul in Cilicia, Africa, Spain.

First Triumvirate — main goal?

Control elections, provinces, and consolidate power.

Luca conference — purpose?

Negotiate renewal of Caesar’s and allies’ commands.