Cardiology Fundamentals and Heart Diseases

📋 Course Outline

1. Heart Anatomy
2. Major Heart Diseases
3. Coronary Artery Disease
4. Heart Failure Types
5. Arrhythmias
6. Valvular Heart Disease
7. Diagnostic Tools
8. Risk Factors
9. Treatment Strategies
10. Prevention Approaches
11. Emerging Technologies
12. Global Heart Disease Trends

📖 1. Heart Anatomy

🔑 Key Concepts & Definitions

• Heart: A muscular organ approximately the size of a fist that pumps blood throughout the body via rhythmic contractions.
• Atria: The two upper chambers of the heart (right and left) that receive blood returning to the heart.
• Ventricles: The two lower chambers (right and left) responsible for pumping blood out of the heart to the lungs and the rest of the body.
• Right Atrium: Receives deoxygenated blood from the body through the superior and inferior vena cavae.
• Right Ventricle: Pumps deoxygenated blood into the pulmonary arteries toward the lungs.
• Left Atrium: Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via pulmonary veins.
• Left Ventricle: Pumps oxygenated blood into the aorta to supply the body; it has the thickest muscular wall due to high workload.

📝 Essential Points