Flashcard: Fundamentals of Biological Chemistry — 24 carte

Lipid — main function?

Energy storage and membrane formation.

Carbohydrate — monomer?

Monosaccharide.

Water — essential role?

Biochemical reactions and temperature regulation.

Organic molecule — backbone?

Carbon skeleton.

pH — measures?

Hydrogen ion concentration.

Nutrient — definition?

A substance required for growth and health.

Isomer — difference?

Same formula, different structure.

Peptide bond — links?

Amino acids.

Protein — levels?

Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary.

Vitamins — function?

Facilitate enzyme activity and metabolism.

Transport — passive example?

Diffusion.

Enzyme — function?

Speed up biochemical reactions.

Glycosidic bond — connects?

Two monosaccharides.

Water — properties?

High surface tension, cohesion, adhesion, solvent abilities.

Micronutrient — example?

Vitamins and minerals.

Carbohydrates — primary use?

Energy source.

Base — increases?

OH⁻ concentration.

Proteins — made of?

Amino acids.

Macronutrient — role?

Needed in large amounts for energy and growth.

Autoionization of water — produces?

H₃O⁺ and OH⁻ ions.

Acid — increases?

H⁺ concentration.

Functional group — role?

Determine molecule's reactivity.

Cell membrane — model?

Fluid mosaic.

Transport — active example?

Sodium-potassium pump.