Flashcard: Pharmacology Essentials for Healthcare — 20 carte

Clonidine — role?

Centrally acting alpha2-agonist for hypertension.

Parasympatholytic drugs — effect?

Antagonize parasympathetic signaling, reduce secretions.

Beta-adrenergic receptors — effect?

Stimulation relaxes the uterus.

Antidopaminergic neuroleptics — adverse effect?

Extrapyramidal symptoms like pseudo-parkinsonism.

Pseudo-parkinsonian syndrome — cause?

Dopamine-blocking antipsychotics like haloperidol.

Benzodiazepines — primary action?

Enhance GABA neurotransmission, produce anxiolysis.

Clozapine — EPS risk?

Lower risk of extrapyramidal symptoms.

Metronidazole — interaction with alcohol?

Produces disulfiram-like reaction.

H. pylori regimen — components?

PPI + bismuth + metronidazole + tetracycline.

Liposomal amphotericin B — benefit?

Reduces nephrotoxicity.

Ertapenem — coverage?

Does not cover Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Mannitol — use?

Reduce cerebral edema in brain injury.

Loop diuretics — site?

Loop of Henle.

Thiazide diuretics — site?

Distal tubule.

Acetazolamide — mechanism?

Inhibits carbonic anhydrase.

Partition constant — role?

Determines drug distribution between lipids and water.

Urinary ion trapping — effect?

Increases drug elimination by raising urine pH.

Therapeutic drug monitoring — drugs?

Antiepileptics, aminoglycosides, digitalis.

Digoxin — therapeutic range?

0.8 to 2 ng/mL.

HemoglobinA1c — purpose?

Assess long-term glycemic control.