| Date | Event |
|---|---|
| 1872 | François Marcel Grateau popularized the hot comb or heated tongs to imitate smooth hairstyles inspired by ancient Egypt, although some less rigorous sources mention 1845 without naming an inventor. |
| 1898 | Hans Schwarzkopf opened a drugstore in Berlin and launched Schaumpon in 1903, a violet-scented powder regarded as a precursor of modern shampoo. |
| 1902 | The Institute of Trichologists was founded in London as the College of Diseases of the Hair, marking the emergence of trichology as a discipline. |
| 1939 | Japanese dermatologist Dr Shoji Okuda published a circular punch-graft hair-transplant technique for cicatricial alopecia, laying foundations for modern hair transplantation. |
| 3000–300 | In ancient Egypt, approximately BCE, people used soapwort and lemon water to wash hair, olive and almond oils as conditioners, and shaved heads with wigs as status symbols. |
1. Which description best characterizes a normal scalp?
2. A client’s hair appears dull, heavy, and flat because the scalp produces too much sebum. Which scalp type is most likely?
3. Which condition is most associated with insufficient sebum production?
What characterizes a normal scalp's sebum production?
It produces a balanced amount of sebum.
What effect does a greasy scalp's excess sebum have on hair appearance?
It makes hair look dull, heavy, and flat.
What symptoms can a dry scalp cause due to insufficient sebum?
It may cause rough texture, itching, and dandruff.
How is a mixed scalp characterized in terms of sebum distribution?
It is greasy at the roots but dry at the hair ends.
What does the acronym SCALP stand for in scalp layers?
Skin, Connective tissue, Aponeurosis, Loose areolar tissue, Pericranium.
What structures are contained in the skin layer of the scalp?
Hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands.
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