Flashcard: Fundamentals of Genetic Inheritance — 14 carte

Cell diploid state — definition?

Contains two complete chromosome sets.

Genes — role?

Code for making proteins.

Homologous chromosomes — function?

Pair during meiosis, carry same genes.

Mendel’s Law of Dominance — statement?

Dominant alleles mask recessive ones.

Mendelian cross — purpose?

Study inheritance patterns of traits.

Genotype — example?

AA, Aa, or aa.

Phenotype — example?

Physical traits like eye color.

Homozygous — alleles?

Two identical alleles.

Heterozygous — alleles?

Two different alleles.

Law of Segregation — mechanism?

Allele pairs separate during gamete formation.

Punnett Square — use?

Predict offspring genotypes and phenotypes.

Gene — location?

On a chromosome.

Allele — variation?

Different versions of a gene.

Homologous chromosomes — difference?

Same genes, possibly different alleles.