Motivation in Education - Revision Sheet

1. 📌 Essentials

• Motivation drives initiation, persistence, and direction of learning behaviors.
• Types: intrinsic (internal interest) and extrinsic (rewards/pressures).
• theories: Self-Determination, Expectancy-Value, Achievement Goal.
• Self-efficacy: belief in success; predicts motivation.
• Motivation impacts academic performance and dropout risk.
• Enhancing motivation involves goal setting, feedback, and autonomy.
• Lack of motivation causes disengagement and poor achievement.
• Motivation is influenced by personal, environmental, and task factors.
• Deep learning is linked to intrinsic motivation.
• Motivation is situated cognitive and emotional domains.

2. 🧩 Key Structures & Components

• Intrinsic Motivation — driven by internal interest or enjoyment.
• Extrinsic Motivation — driven by external rewards or pressures.
• Self-Determination Theory — autonomy, competence, relatedness foster motivation.
• Expectancy-Value Theory — motivation depends on success expectancy and task value.
• Achievement Goals — mastery (learning) vs. performance (outcome) goals.
• Self-Efficacy — belief in one's ability to succeed.
• Classroom Environment — support, feedback, climate influence motivation.
• Task Characteristics — difficulty, relevance affect motivation.

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