Flashcard: Cell Division Mastery — 20 carte

Cell division processes

Includes mitosis and meiosis, producing new cells.

Mitosis stages

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase.

Meiosis stages

Prophase I & II, metaphase I & II, anaphase I & II, telophase I & II.

Interphase activities

DNA replication, cell growth, protein synthesis.

Chromosome behavior

Condensation, alignment, separation during cell division.

Cytokinesis differences

Animal: cleavage furrow; Plant: cell plate formation.

Crossing-over significance

Increases genetic variation in gametes.

Haploid vs diploid

Haploid: n, single set; Diploid: 2n, pairs of chromosomes.

Slide examination techniques

Staining and microscopy to observe mitosis stages.

Model simulation of meiosis

Uses beads and magnets to demonstrate chromosome pairing and separation.

Karyokinesis — definition?

Nuclear division during cell division.

Mitosis — purpose?

To produce identical diploid daughter cells.

Meiosis — purpose?

To produce haploid gametes for reproduction.

Interphase — key activity?

DNA replication during S phase.

Chromosomes — structure?

DNA and proteins, with sister chromatids joined at centromere.

Crossing-over — occurs?

During prophase I of meiosis.

Haploid cells — example?

Sperm and egg cells.

Diploid cells — example?

Somatic (body) cells.

Slide examination — key feature?

Chromosomes stained as visible bodies in dividing cells.

Meiosis model — purpose?

To demonstrate homolog pairing, crossing-over, and reduction division.