Flashcard: Defending Britain: The Battle, Blitz, and Welfare — 24 carte

Battle of Britain — key outcome?

RAF victory prevented German invasion.

Luftwaffe — role?

Carried out bombing and air attacks against Britain.

RAF Fighter Command — function?

Fought Luftwaffe to achieve air superiority.

Operation Sea Lion — purpose?

German planned invasion of Britain dependent on air control.

The Blitz — strategy?

German night bombing of Britain’s industrial centres.

Adlerangriff — target?

German air offensive targeting air bases and factories.

Night raids — reason?

To reduce losses from RAF fighters.

London Blitz — focus?

German bombing campaign targeting London.

Shift to night raids — cause?

Avoid daylight RAF fighters and reduce losses.

German misjudgements — effect?

Led to Luftwaffe losses and cancellation of invasion plans.

Luftwaffe losses — comparison?

Over 600 aircraft lost, RAF lost 260 in late August.

Civilian targeting — aim?

Pressure Churchill into surrender and break morale.

Air-raid protection — measures?

Sirens, shelters, wardens, fire services.

ATS — role?

Supported military and civil defence during the Blitz.

WVS — role?

Organized civilian support and emergency aid.

WAAF — duties?

Supported air defence, operated radar stations.

Five Giants — what?

Idleness, Want, Disease, Ignorance, Squalor.

Beveridge Report — purpose?

Proposed social reforms to build Welfare State.

Welfare State — goal?

Reduce social evils and provide social protections.

Family allowances — purpose?

Support families financially, reduce poverty.

NHS creation — year?

1948, providing free healthcare to all.

Universal healthcare — meaning?

Healthcare access for everyone, regardless of income.

Rationing — system?

Using ration books and coupons to distribute supplies.

Ration book coupons — function?

Exchanged for food during shortages.