Locke — role?
Natural rights, government by consent
Enlightenment — key emphasis?
Reason, individual rights, scientific politics
Hobbes — view of humans?
Selfish, need strong government
Natural Rights — what?
Life, liberty, property (Locke)
Montesquieu — concept?
Separation of powers
Separation of Powers — purpose?
Prevent tyranny, divide government roles
General Will — definition?
Collective interest (Rousseau)
Locke vs Hobbes — difference?
Locke: consent, rights; Hobbes: sovereignty, order
Revolutions — inspired by?
Enlightenment ideas and challenges to authority
Congress of Vienna — goal?
Restore stability, balance of power
Test your knowledge with 10 questions on Foundations of Modern Political Thought.
1. Which philosopher is most closely associated with the idea of natural rights and government by consent?
2. Who was the author of 'The Spirit of the Laws' published in 1748, which advocates for the separation of legislative, executive, and judicial powers?
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