Study sheet: French Revolution and Empire

📋 Course Outline

1. Transformations from 1789 to 1815
2. End of the Old Order
3. Limits of Constitutional Monarchy
4. War and Fall of the Monarchy

📅 Key Dates

1. 20 April 1792France declared war on Austria
2. 10 August 1792The Tuileries insurrection led to the king’s arrest and imprisonment
3. 1799Napoleon Bonaparte came to power and restored a degree of political stability through an imperial regime

📖 1. Transformations from 1789 to 1815

📝 Essential Points

• Between 1789 and 1815, France and Europe experienced profound political, economic, and social transformations.

💡 Memory Hook

Revolution → Empire → European diffusion

📖 2. End of the Old Order

📝 Essential Points

• The period from 1789 to 1792 is presented as the birth of a sovereign nation.

📌 The revolutionary transformation challenged both absolute monarchy and the society of orders.

💡 Memory Hook

Absolute monarchy and orders versus national sovereignty

📖 3. Limits of Constitutional Monarchy

📝 Essential Points

• The new constitutional monarchy was not accepted by everyone.

💡 Memory Hook

Constitutional change accepted by some, rejected by nobles and the pope

📖 4. War and Fall of the Monarchy

📝 Essential Points

• The king hoped to recover his power and was deeply distrusted by the revolutionaries.

• Before the invasion, the Assembly declared the fatherland in danger and called for volunteers, including fédérés and sans-culottes.

💡 Memory Hook

War and invasion fears → volunteers, radicalization, and the king’s arrest