1. What distinguishes a nation-state from a dynastic empire?
2. How did Ernst Renan characterize a nation in his 1882 lecture “What is a Nation?”?
3. What major change in political sovereignty occurred in France in 1789?
What defines a nation-state's citizen identity and control?
Citizens share a common identity and history under centralized sovereign control.
Which author defined a nation as solidarity based on shared past and will?
Ernst Renan in 'What is a Nation?' (1882).
In which year did the French Revolution transfer sovereignty to the people?
1789
How did French revolutionaries create a collective identity?
By promoting la patrie, le citoyen, symbols, laws, and a common language.
Nation-state Definition
State with shared identity, common descent, centralized sovereignty.
Ernst Renan's Nation
Large-scale solidarity based on shared past, will, and deeds.
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