Post-Civil War South Destruction?
South was physically devastated, especially railroads.
Antebellum Way of Life?
Pre-war social and economic systems, dismantled after the war.
Railroad destruction in South?
Railroads disappeared or were severely damaged.
Uncertainty of Southern Future?
Questions about reintegration, rights, and rebuilding loomed.
Lincoln’s Reconstruction plan?
10% oath, quick, lenient reintegration.
Radical Republicans?
Congressional faction advocating strict reforms and rights.
Johnson’s Reconstruction?
Lenient, pardons most Confederates, resisted Radical policies.
First Reconstruction Act?
Divided South into military districts, required ratification of 14th Amendment.
Military Districts — function?
Enforced policies, oversaw state reforms.
Citizenship — 14th Amendment?
Guaranteed birthright citizenship and equal protection.
Black Codes — purpose?
Restrict Black rights, undermine freedoms post-war.
Vagrancy Laws?
Criminalized unemployment among Black freedpeople.
Racial Terrorism?
Violence aimed at suppressing Black political and social gains.
Black Political Participation?
Black men voted, served in office, shaping Reconstruction.
Black Officeholders?
Over 1,000 served, including Senators Revels and Bruce.
Black Family & Education?
Established schools, opened institutions, promoted community rebuilding.
Sharecropping?
Farmers, often Black, worked land for a share of crops.
End of Reconstruction?
Compromise of 1877 withdrew troops, ended federal enforcement.
Test your knowledge with 9 questions on Reconstruction and Racial Transformation.
1. What was a major consequence of the physical destruction of infrastructure in the post-Civil War South?
2. In what year was the First Reconstruction Act, which divided the South into military districts, passed?
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