Endosymbiosis — evidence?
Organelle DNA, double membranes, bacterial size, division, ribosomes.
Endosymbiosis — definition?
Organism engulfs another, forming symbiosis.
Water — property?
Forms hydrogen bonds, acts as solvent, exhibits cohesion and density anomalies.
Mitochondria & chloroplasts — origin?
Derived from free-living bacteria.
Macromolecules — composition?
Proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids; built from monomers.
Membrane layers — significance?
Double membranes indicate engulfing event.
Circular chromosome — presence?
Both organelles contain bacterial-like DNA.
Division method — mitochondria/chloroplasts?
Divide independently via binary fission.
Ribosome size in organelles?
70S, similar to bacteria.
Endosymbiosis — importance?
Explains origin of energy and photosynthesis organelles.
Test your knowledge with 10 questions on Fundamentals of Biological Chemistry.
1. What does the process of endosymbiosis refer to in cell evolution?
2. What structural feature of mitochondria and chloroplasts provides evidence supporting their origin via endosymbiosis?
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