Characteristics of Living Organisms
Traits that distinguish living entities from non-living matter.
Physiological Responses — example?
Rapid functional reactions like sweating or shivering.
Behavioral Responses — example?
Actions like seeking shade or burrowing.
Long-term Adaptation — example?
Thick fur in cold climates or increased pigmentation in deserts.
Homeostasis — definition?
Maintaining a stable internal environment.
Evolutionary Adaptation — process?
Genetic or phenotypic changes over generations for survival.
Homeostasis — key concept?
Regulation via feedback mechanisms to maintain stability.
Negative feedback — role?
Reduces or counteracts original stimulus.
Positive feedback — role?
Amplifies response, often in specific events.
Feedback — function?
Self-regulation of physiological systems.
Anatomy — focus?
Structure of body parts.
Physiology — focus?
Functions and processes of body parts.
Anatomy vs Physiology — difference?
Structure vs. function.
Countercurrent exchange system — purpose?
Efficient transfer of heat or substances.
Endothermy — definition?
Internal heat production to maintain temperature.
Ectothermy — definition?
Body temperature depends on external environment.
Homeothermy — characteristic?
Stable internal temperature despite external changes.
Poikilothermy — characteristic?
Body temperature varies with environment.
Test your knowledge with 9 questions on Fundamentals of Organismal Biology.
1. What is a fundamental characteristic that distinguishes living organisms from non-living matter?
2. Who is the author that defined homeostasis in 1932?
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