Which seven life processes do living things perform?
Having young, sensing surroundings, needing air, moving, needing water and food, growing, and making waste.
What are the three groups used to classify things by whether they are living?
Alive now, once living but not now living, or never alive.
What do plant roots absorb from the soil?
Water.
What does the plant stem support?
The plant.
What does the plant stem transport to other parts?
Water.
What does each leaf make for the plant in sunlight?
Food.
What does a plant flower make?
Seeds.
What conditions do plants need to grow and remain healthy?
The right amounts of warmth, water, light, and air.
What is germination?
The start of a seed’s growth.
What does a seed contain that is ready to grow?
A food store and small root and stem shoots.
Where does water move through a plant after entering its roots?
Up the stem to the leaves and flowers.
How do plant leaves use and lose water?
They use some to make food and lose some to the surrounding air.
What happens to plants without enough water?
They wilt and die.
What temperature extremes can prevent a plant from surviving?
Very hot or very cold conditions.
What can too much heat or cold do to a plant?
It can kill the plant.
How many seeds should be sown in each pot to investigate temperature’s effect on seeds?
Five seeds.
Through what structures does water reach every leaf in a tree’s main stem?
Many very narrow tubes.
How does water travel from soil through a flowering plant?
It is absorbed by the roots, travels up the stem, and is used in the leaves and flowers.
What happens to some water in each flowering plant leaf?
Some water leaves each leaf.
How do solids respond to forces such as compression, stretching, twisting, or bending?
They keep their shape unless acted on by those forces.
How do liquids behave in the shape of their container?
They change shape easily to take the container’s shape.
How do gases behave in the space around them?
They spread out to fill it.
What gas forms when bicarbonate of soda is mixed with vinegar?
Carbon dioxide gas.
Why does carbon dioxide poured onto a candle flame put it out?
The flame needs oxygen to burn.
What happens to materials’ properties when they are mixed together?
Their properties do not change.
How does a sieve separate materials by size?
Smaller pieces pass through its holes while larger pieces remain behind.
What does a soluble solid do in a liquid?
It dissolves.
What happens to a solid when it dissolves in a liquid?
It breaks into pieces too small to see but remains present in the liquid.
What must be controlled in a fair test?
Only one thing is changed, one is measured or observed, and the rest are kept the same.
How does a filter separate an insoluble solid from a liquid?
The liquid passes through holes too small for the solid pieces.
What is the source of materials people use, including manufactured materials?
Planet Earth.
What underground resource is used to make most plastic?
Oil.
How does smelting separate metal from other material in ore?
It heats and melts the ore.
What does burning carbon-containing fuels such as natural gas produce?
Carbon dioxide, which contributes to global warming.
How does the use of disposable objects differ from reusable objects?
Disposable objects are used once; reusable objects are used many times.
What forms a shadow?
An opaque object blocking light.
What does a transparent material allow people to do?
See objects clearly through it.
What sequence tests whether a material is opaque or transparent?
Predict its category, shine a flashlight through it, observe light passage, and record the result in a table.
What makes a material opaque rather than transparent?
An opaque material does not let light pass through; a transparent material does.
What causes an object to cast a shadow?
It blocks light from a light source.
How is the star’s shadow width investigated?
Trace the shadow and measure its width while varying the star’s distance from the flashlight.
What happens to a shadow as its object moves toward a light source?
The shadow gets larger.
What is a producer?
A plant that makes its own food using sunlight.
What is a consumer?
An animal that gets energy by eating other living things.
What is a fossil?
An impression or remains of something that was once alive.
What happens to mud after it copies the shape of an animal’s hard parts?
It turns to rock over a long time.
What waste product do plants release into the air?
Oxygen.
Why do animals need oxygen?
Animals need oxygen to live.
What is the status of leaves still attached to a living plant?
They are alive.
What is the status of fallen leaves, even when they are green?
They are dead.
What do all parts of a plant need?
Water.
What happens to a plant without water?
It dies.
Which plant parts should be eaten?
Only parts known to be safe and clean.
What features distinguish a healthy plant from an unhealthy plant?
Healthy plants have strong roots, stems, and leaves; unhealthy plants may have yellow leaves and wilt.
Which shoot grows first during germination to get water?
The root shoot.
Which way does a seedling stem near a window bend?
Toward the light.
What happens to water when conditions are too cold for plants?
It freezes into a solid that plants cannot use.
What happens to leaf food production when conditions are too cold?
The leaves cannot make food.
What can excessive heat cause a plant to run out of?
Water.
Which gas makes up most of the air people breathe?
Nitrogen.
Which gas in air do people need to breathe?
Oxygen.
What does hydrogen sulfide gas smell like?
Rotten eggs.
What color is chlorine gas?
Yellow.
Which state of matter includes wood, metal, and plastic?
They are solids.
Which state of matter includes water, milk, and oil?
They are liquids.
Why can’t nitrogen and oxygen be seen?
They have no colour.
Which materials does a magnet separate from one another?
Magnetic materials from non-magnetic materials.
Which is easier to separate from a liquid: a soluble or insoluble solid?
An insoluble solid.
Which ore is used to make aluminium?
Bauxite.
Where is natural gas found, and what is it burned for?
Underground; cooking, home heating, and electricity generation.
What materials can be used to make bioplastic?
Oil or other carbon-rich materials, including plant and animal materials.
What details can shadows lack, and how can their shape and size compare with the object?
They lack colour and details; their shape and size may differ.
How is glass predicted and identified in the test table?
Glass is predicted to be transparent and identified as transparent by the test.
Why do materials that block light make poor windows?
They prevent people from seeing through them.
What can happen to a shadow when its object moves?
Its shape can change.
How can classroom lighting help reveal a toy’s shadow?
Turn the lights off or down.
What does energy from food enable living things to do?
Grow and move.
Which animal is shown in the fossil pattern?
A Pterodactyl.
What trapped some insects and preserved them clearly as fossils?
Sticky tree gum.
How do scientists remove soil and sand from fossils without damaging them?
They carefully excavate them, sometimes using small tools and paintbrushes.
How can fossils buried deep underground become exposed?
Sea or river water can wash away the rock above them.
Where did Mary Anning live over 200 years ago?
By the sea in England.
What made Mary Anning famous?
She became famous as a fossil collector.
Answer 49 questions on Earth Moon and Scientific Models.
1. Which set of characteristics describes a living thing?
2. A fallen leaf, a leaf attached to a living plant, and a stone need to be classified. Which grouping is correct?
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