Double Helix: The three-dimensional structure of DNA, consisting of two complementary strands twisted into a spiral staircase. Discovered by Watson and Crick in 1953.
Nucleotides: The building blocks of DNA, composed of a phosphate group, a sugar (deoxyribose), and a nitrogenous base.
Base Pairing Rules: Specific hydrogen bonding between nitrogenous bases—Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T), and Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G).
Antiparallel Strands: The two DNA strands run in opposite directions, one 5' to 3' and the other 3' to 5', essential for replication and transcription.
Complementary Strands: Each DNA strand can serve as a template for the synthesis of its partner, due to specific base pairing.
1. What is the structure of DNA primarily characterized as?
2. Who discovered the double helix structure of DNA, and in what year?
3. Which enzyme is primarily responsible for synthesizing new DNA strands during DNA replication?
DNA double helix — structure?
Two complementary strands twisted into a spiral.
Double Helix — structure?
Two complementary strands twisted into a spiral.
DNA replication — enzyme?
DNA polymerase synthesizes new strands.
Nucleotides — components?
Phosphate, deoxyribose, nitrogenous base.
RNA transcription — process?
DNA is copied into RNA by RNA polymerase.
Base Pairing Rules?
A with T, C with G.
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