What is the balanced equation for photosynthesis?
What happens to the rate of photosynthesis as light intensity increases?
It increases until another factor becomes limiting.
What pigment does the chloroplast contain for photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll.
Where does protein synthesis occur in the cell?
At the ribosomes.
What does the permanent vacuole contain?
Cell sap.
What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells?
It strengthens and supports the cells.
What does the trachea carry and what supports it?
The trachea carries air to the bronchi and is supported by cartilage rings.
What is the function of cartilage rings in the trachea and bronchi?
They prevent the trachea and bronchi from collapsing.
What are alveoli?
Alveoli are the main site of gas exchange.
Why does a collapsed lung reduce oxygen uptake?
Because less surface area is available for gas exchange.
What can a chest puncture cause in the lung?
It may cause the lung to collapse and fail to inflate.
What does the oesophagus carry from the mouth to the stomach?
Food
Where does most nutrient absorption occur in digestion?
In the small intestine
What is peristalsis?
A wave of muscular contraction moving food through the gut
Why do young animals need more protein?
For growth and production of new cells and tissues
What happens to excess carbohydrate in the body?
It is stored as fat
If an organism eats 2.0 g of food and egests 0.50 g, how much is absorbed?
1.5 g
What percentage of food is assimilated if 2.0 g is eaten and 0.50 g is egested?
75%
What does anaerobic respiration in yeast produce?
Carbon dioxide and ethanol.
What prevents oxygen from entering to maintain anaerobic conditions?
An oil layer.
What does boiling a glucose solution remove?
Dissolved oxygen.
What happens when oxygen reaches yeast in glucose solution?
Conditions switch to aerobic.
What is osmosis?
Movement of water through a partially permeable membrane from dilute to concentrated solution.
What happens to a red blood cell in concentrated salt solution?
It loses water and shrinks.
What happens to a red blood cell in very dilute solution?
It gains water and may burst.
How can reliability be improved in experiments using organisms?
By using several organisms and calculating a mean.
What is the dependent variable when measuring snail growth?
Shell height.
Which device measures gas produced by yeast accurately?
A gas syringe.
Why should glucose solution be cooled before adding yeast?
Because a hot solution may kill yeast or denature its enzymes.
Which cells have a larger surface-area-to-volume ratio?
Smaller cells have a larger surface-area-to-volume ratio.
What is the surface-area-to-volume ratio of a 0.040 mm cube?
The ratio is 150:1.
How is light intensity calculated mathematically?
Light intensity equals 1 divided by distance squared.
What is the distance when light intensity is 0.0625?
The distance is 4 cm.
Test your knowledge with 18 questions on IGCSE Biology Core Concepts.
1. Regarding the balanced equation for photosynthesis, which proposition(s) is/are correct?
2. Concerning factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis, which proposition(s) is/are correct?
Review the complete course in the study sheet for IGCSE Biology Core Concepts.
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