★ Must-know
In most mammals, lactase production decreases after weaning, reducing the ability to digest lactose.
Some human populations carry genetic mutations that allow lactase production to continue into adulthood.
Further detail
1. What typically happens to lactase production in most mammals after weaning?
2. What allows some human populations to continue producing lactase into adulthood?
3. How did fermented milks such as piimä and viili contribute to dairy use historically?
What happens to lactase production in most mammals after weaning?
It decreases, reducing the ability to digest lactose.
What do genetic mutations enable lactase persistence in some human populations?
They enable lactase production to continue into adulthood.
What did dairy historically supply, and how did fermented milks help?
Calories, protein, and fat; preservation and improved milk safety.
Which nutrients does milk contain?
Calcium, phosphorus, high-quality protein, vitamins B2 and B12, iodine, and potassium.
At what age is a dairy cow bred?
At 15–18 months of age.
How long is a dairy cow’s gestation period?
About 9–10 months.
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