Karteikarten: Building Utilities and Waste Systems — 14 Karten

Utilities — definition?

Infrastructure services provided to consumers.

Potable water supply — role?

Provides safe drinking and hygienic water.

Water entering building — divided?

Into cold water and hot water.

Pipe diameter for domestic?

20 mm for domestic pipes.

Cold water direct system — feature?

Supplies water directly from mains without storage.

Cold water indirect system — advantage?

Provides 12–24 hrs storage during main failure.

Hot water central boiler — use?

Heats water centrally for distribution.

Sanitary appliances — purpose?

Fixtures for hygienic functions in buildings.

Back siphonage prevention — design?

Tap design to prevent foul-water backflow.

Flushing cistern — typical capacity?

9 litres.

Water seal — minimum depth?

50 mm in water closet.

One-pipe system — benefit?

Cheaper, uses fewer pipes.

Two-pipes system — feature?

Requires separate waste and soil stacks.

Incinerator — disposal method?

Burns waste, recovers energy, controls emissions.