Heart Failure (HF): A clinical syndrome where the heart's ability to pump blood is inadequate to meet the body's needs, resulting in symptoms like dyspnea and edema.
Systolic Heart Failure (HFrEF): Heart failure characterized by reduced ejection fraction (<40%), due to impaired ventricular contraction.
Diastolic Heart Failure (HFpEF): Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (>50%), caused by impaired ventricular relaxation and filling.
Ejection Fraction (EF): Percentage of blood ejected from the left ventricle during systole; used to classify HF types.
Left-sided Heart Failure: Failure involving the left ventricle, leading to pulmonary congestion and respiratory symptoms.
Right-sided Heart Failure: Failure involving the right ventricle, causing systemic venous congestion and peripheral edema.
1. What does systolic heart failure primarily refer to?
2. What is the defining feature of systolic heart failure (HFrEF)?
3. According to the classification criteria mentioned in the content, what ejection fraction percentage defines systolic heart failure (HFrEF)?
Heart Failure Types — main categories?
Systolic (HFrEF) and diastolic (HFpEF) types.
Heart Failure — definition?
Inadequate blood pumping, causes symptoms like dyspnea, edema.
ECG Waveform Components — key parts?
P wave, QRS complex, T wave.
Systolic HF — EF?
Less than 40% ejection fraction.
ECG Abnormalities in HF — common findings?
Arrhythmias, bundle branch blocks, ischemic changes.
Diastolic HF — EF?
More than 50% ejection fraction.
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