Flashcard: Fundamentals of Operating Systems and Networks — 24 carte

System software — role?

Manages resources, acts as intermediary.

Virtual machine — definition?

Simulated hardware environment created by system software.

Assembly language — purpose?

Simplifies programming with symbolic instructions.

Assembler — function?

Translates assembly to machine code.

Operating system tasks — key?

Process, memory, device, file management, security.

OS evolution — first generation?

Simple batch processing systems.

Network protocols — role?

Standardize data exchange between devices.

Internet structure — components?

Routers, servers, data centers, transmission media.

Network types — scope?

LAN (small), WAN (large), MAN (city), PAN (personal).

Encryption algorithms — purpose?

Secure data by converting plaintext to ciphertext.

Symmetric encryption — key?

Same key for encryption and decryption.

Cyber threats — example?

Malware, phishing, DoS attacks.

Secure communication — methods?

Encryption and authentication protocols.

Cloud computing — definition?

On-demand internet access to shared resources.

Cloud service models — types?

IaaS, PaaS, SaaS.

System software — types?

Operating systems, language services, memory managers.

Virtual environment — purpose?

Abstracts hardware, simplifies resource access.

Assembly language — era?

Developed in early 1950s.

OS evolution — address drawbacks?

Introduced multiprogramming, time-sharing, distributed systems.

Network protocols — example?

TCP/IP, HTTP, FTP, SMTP.

Internet hierarchy — layers?

Core, regional, local networks.

Network types — characteristics?

Scope, speed, ownership, technology.

Encryption — algorithms?

AES, RSA, DES, ECC.

Cyber threats — impact?

Data loss, downtime, financial, reputation.