Anthropometry and Health: Revision Sheet

1. 📌 Essentials

• Anthropometry: measurement of body size, shape, and composition.
• Main indicators: BMI, waist circumference, waist-hip (ICC), skinfolds.
• BMI: weight (kg) / height² (m); categories from underweight to morbid obesity.
• Waist circumference thresholds: 102 cm (men), 88 cm (women).
• ICC (Waist-Hip Ratio): normal <1 (men), <0.80 (women); visceral obesity ≥1 (men), ≥0.80 (women).
• Skinfolds: sum of 6 sites; >85th percentile indicates risk.
• Obesity: linked to hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancers.
• BMI extremes: <17.5 (risk of anorexia), >50 (extreme obesity).
• Visceral fat reduction: diet effectively decreases waist and ICC.
• Metabolic syndrome: characterized by increased waist, skinfolds, BMI, and mesomorphy.

2. 🧩 Key Structures & Components

• BMI (Body Mass Index) — index of body fat based on weight and height.
• Waist circumference — measure of abdominal fat distribution.
• Hip circumference — used to calculate ICC.
• Waist-Hip Ratio (ICC) — indicator of fat distribution.
• Skinfold sites — triceps, subscapular, supraespinal, abdominal, thigh, leg.
• Girths and bone breadths — supplementary anthropometric measures.
• Visceral fat — fat stored around abdominal organs.
• Pathological markers — hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerosis.

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