Flashcard: Cardiovascular Pharmacology Essentials — 20 carte

Calcium Channel Blockers — primary use?

Treat angina, hypertension, supraventricular tachycardia.

Verapamil — adverse reactions?

Bradycardia, hypotension, peripheral edema.

Diltiazem — drug interactions?

Enhanced effects with diuretics and vasodilators.

Amlodipine — main side effect?

Peripheral edema and dizziness.

Calcium channel blockers — mechanism?

Inhibit calcium influx into cardiac and smooth muscle cells.

Beta blockers — primary indications?

Hypertension, heart failure, MI, angina.

Metoprolol — effect?

Reduces heart rate and cardiac output.

Bradycardia — caused by?

Beta blockers or non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers.

ACE inhibitors — main effect?

Vasodilation and decreased blood pressure.

ACE inhibitors — common adverse?

Dry cough, hyperkalemia, angioedema.

ACE inhibitors — monitoring?

Blood pressure, serum potassium, kidney function.

ARBs — mechanism?

Block angiotensin II receptors, causing vasodilation.

ARBs — main use?

Hypertension and heart failure intolerant to ACE inhibitors.

Diuretics — main types?

Thiazides, loop diuretics, potassium-sparing diuretics.

Thiazides — action site?

Distal convoluted tubule.

Loop diuretics — example?

Furosemide.

Potassium-sparing — example?

Spironolactone.

Antibiotics — macrolides mechanism?

Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis at 50S ribosomal subunit.

Macrolides — adverse effects?

GI disturbances, QT prolongation, allergic reactions.

Antithrombotic — aspirin role?

Inhibits platelet aggregation, prevents MI and stroke.