Flashcard: Pathology of Tumors and Glomerulonephritis — 20 carte

Glomerulonephritis types — main categories?

Membranous, MPGN, IgA nephropathy, primary and secondary.

Membranous GN — characteristic feature?

Electron-dense basement membrane thickening with spikes.

MPGN Types I & II — deposit location?

Type I: subendothelial; Type II: intramembranous dense deposits.

IgA nephropathy — deposits?

Mesangial IgA deposits with complement activation.

Primary vs secondary GN — difference?

Primary: intrinsic; secondary: systemic disease causes.

Basement membrane spikes — seen in?

Membranous glomerulonephritis.

t(10;18) translocation — associated lymphoma?

Follicular lymphoma, causes Bcl-2 overexpression.

Sezary syndrome cells — immunophenotype?

CD2+, CD3+, CD4+, CD7-.

HER2/neu — role in breast cancer?

Prognostic marker and therapeutic target.

HPV-12 — associated lesion?

Verruca (wart).

t(2;5)(p23;q35) — lymphoma?

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK fusion).

Mantle cell lymphoma — markers?

CD20+, CD5+, cyclin D1+; t(11;14).

ALCL — genetic feature?

t(2;5)(p23;q35), ALK fusion gene.

Reactive lymph node features?

Hyperplastic germinal centers, granulomas.

Membranous GN — immune deposits?

Subepithelial immune complexes.

MPGN — complement involvement?

Yes, especially in Type II (dense deposit disease).

IgA nephropathy — clinical trigger?

Mucosal infections causing episodic hematuria.

Tumor staging — purpose?

Guide prognosis and treatment based on extent.

pT3b N1 — indicates?

Deep invasion and regional lymph node metastasis.

Histological grading in breast carcinoma?

G1: well-differentiated; G2: moderate; G3: poor.