Flashcard: Tissue Repair and Healing Processes — 24 carte

Wound — definition?

A break in tissue integrity needing repair.

Wound healing — process?

Physiological repair restoring tissue structure and function.

Scar formation — mechanism?

Fibrous tissue replaces damaged tissue for stability.

Regeneration — goal?

Restore original tissue architecture and function.

Phases of healing?

Inflammatory, proliferative, remodeling.

Inflammatory phase — duration?

Day 1 to 6 post-injury.

Cell recruitment — first responders?

Neutrophils arrive first, then monocytes/macrophages.

Neutrophil role?

Remove debris and prevent infection.

Macrophage role?

Regulate healing, produce growth factors, phagocytose debris.

Proliferative phase — key event?

Fibroblast activity, ECM deposition, angiogenesis.

Granulation tissue — components?

Fibroblasts, macrophages, endothelial cells.

Reepithelialization — process?

Migration and proliferation of keratinocytes.

Remodeling phase — main focus?

Collagen reorganization and tissue strengthening.

Type III collagen — role?

Early collagen in granulation tissue.

Type I collagen — role?

Mature collagen, provides tensile strength.

Wound contraction — cells involved?

Myofibroblasts pull wound edges together.

Primary intention — healing?

Edges approximated, minimal scarring.

Secondary intention — healing?

Wound heals from base with larger scar.

Tertiary intention — healing?

Delayed closure after initial open wound.

Factors affecting healing — systemic?

Nutrition, drugs, systemic diseases.

Factors affecting healing — local?

Oxygen, infection, radiation, neural supply.

Bone healing — initial step?

Haematoma formation at fracture site.

Bone healing — primary vs secondary?

Primary: direct, secondary: callus formation.

Nerve healing — process?

Wallerian degeneration, guided regeneration via neurotropism.