Flashcard: Plant Cell Structure and Membrane Dynamics — 16 carte

Plant cell — basic unit?

Structural and functional unit of plants.

Protoplast — definition?

Cell without its cell wall, includes plasma membrane and cytoplasm.

Protoplasm — composition?

Living substance within the protoplast, includes cytoplasm and organelles.

Plant cell wall — main component?

Carbohydrate network mainly of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectins.

Cellulose — role?

Provides tensile strength in the cell wall.

Membrane model — proposed by?

Singer and Nicolson's fluid mosaic model.

Lipids in membrane — main types?

Phospholipids and glycolipids.

Membrane asymmetry — significance?

Affects protein localization and membrane functions.

Membrane phases — two states?

Gel (solid) and liquid (fluid) phases.

Transition temperature — abbreviation?

Tc; temperature at phase change.

Factors affecting Tc?

Temperature, pressure, pH, ion concentration.

Plants maintain fluidity — how?

By increasing unsaturated fatty acids.

Membrane proteins — types?

Integral and peripheral proteins.

H+ ATPase — function?

Transports protons, creates electrochemical gradient.

Cell wall — main polysaccharide?

Cellulose.

Vacuole — primary role?

Storage, maintaining pH, osmotic balance.