Flashcard: Vietnamese Maritime Strategies and Resources — 20 carte

East Sea — size and significance?

Approximately 2.5 million km²; vital regional maritime route.

Maritime Boundary — UNCLOS definition?

Legal framework defining territorial waters, EEZ, and continental shelf.

Vietnam's marine area — size?

Over 2.5 million km², including thousands of islands.

Archipelagos — main Vietnamese groups?

Hoang Sa (Paracel) and Truong Sa (Spratly).

Hoang Sa islands — number and area?

About 30-40 islands, roughly 5 km² total.

Truong Sa islands — key features?

25-30 islands, ~3 km² land, strategic and economic importance.

Oil and gas — main reserves location?

Sedimentary basins like Cửu Long and Nam Côn Sơn.

Sea turtle species in Vietnam?

Six recorded species, some endangered.

Fisheries — resource trend?

Declining due to overfishing and environmental pressures.

Legal claims — basis?

UNCLOS 1982 and historical sovereignty over archipelagos.

Sovereignty over Hoang Sa?

Based on historical control, legal rights, and administrative management.

Maritime boundary delimitation?

Defined by specific coordinate points, e.g., 21 points in Gulf of Tonkin.

Islands — strategic importance?

Enhance sovereignty, military presence, and control over sea routes.

East Sea — connecting oceans?

Links Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean, boosting regional connectivity.

Mangrove forests — ecological role?

Protect coasts, support biodiversity, and sequester carbon.

Sea level rise impact?

Flooding, salinization, and land loss in deltas like Mekong.

Natural disasters?

Typhoons, erosion, and storm surges threaten marine ecosystems.

Maritime security — main challenges?

Territorial disputes, illegal fishing, piracy, militarization.

DK1 rigs — purpose?

Offshore platforms for resource exploration, scientific research, and defense.

Coastal provinces — role?

Monitor borders, patrol, and safeguard sovereignty and resources.