Foundations of Justice and Political Philosophy

📋 Course Outline

1. Concept of Justice
2. Historical Justice Theories
3. Rawlsian Justice Principles
4. Utilitarian Justice
5. Liberty Types
6. Rights Foundations
7. Natural vs. Legal Rights
8. Social Contract Theories
9. Contemporary Justice Issues
10. Case Studies in Justice
11. Future of Political Philosophy

📖 1. Concept of Justice

🔑 Key Concepts & Definitions

• Justice: The moral principle of fairness, ensuring individuals receive what they are due, whether in distribution, correction, or recognition.
• Distributive Justice: Concerns the fair allocation of resources, benefits, and burdens within society.
• Corrective Justice: Focuses on rectifying wrongs or injustices, restoring fairness in transactions or punishments.
• Procedural Justice: Emphasizes fairness in the processes and procedures that lead to outcomes or decisions.
• Rawlsian Justice: A theory by John Rawls proposing principles of fairness chosen behind a "veil of ignorance," including equal basic rights and the difference principle.
• Utilitarian Justice: An approach advocating for actions and policies that maximize overall happiness or utility.

📝 Essential Points