Flashcards: Bone Pathology: Hereditary to Inflammatory — 24 cartões

Hereditary bone lesions — definition?

Genetic disorders affecting bone structure or growth.

Osteogenesis imperfecta — key feature?

Fragile bones with frequent fractures.

Osteopetrosis — cause?

Defective osteoclast-mediated bone resorption.

Cherubism — inheritance?

Autosomal dominant.

Cleido-cranial dysplasia — main abnormality?

Clavicular aplasia and cranial deformities.

Hereditary vs acquired lesions — difference?

Genetic origin versus environmental or infectious causes.

Acquired bone lesions — examples?

Osteomyelitis, osteoradionecrosis, fibrous dysplasia.

Osteomyelitis — primary cause?

Bacterial infection.

Sequestrum — what?

Dead bone separated during osteomyelitis.

Involucrum — what?

Reactive new bone around sequestrum.

Osteoradionecrosis — trigger?

Radiation therapy.

Central giant cell granuloma — cell type?

Multinucleated giant cells in fibrous tissue.

Neoplastic bone disease — common benign?

Osteoma.

Osteosarcoma — radiographic feature?

Sunburst periosteal reaction.

Chondrosarcoma — origin?

Malignant cartilage-producing cells.

Ewing sarcoma — typical age?

Children and adolescents.

Giant cell tumor — location?

Epiphysis of long bones.

Inflammatory bone condition — hallmark?

Bone destruction with sequestrum formation.

Osteomyelitis types — examples?

Acute suppurative, chronic, proliferative periostitis.

Osteoradionecrosis — diagnosis?

Exposed necrotic bone >3 months post-radiation.

Bone necrosis — cause?

Impaired blood supply.

Dystrophic bone disease — example?

Paget’s disease.

Hormonal bone disorder — example?

Hyperparathyroidism.

Nutritional bone disease — cause?

Vitamin D deficiency (rickets, osteomalacia).