Infectious Disease (ID): Illness caused by pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, parasites, or infectious proteins (prions). Transmitted via contact, ingestion, airborne droplets, or vectors.
Pathogen: Microorganism capable of causing disease; includes bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, parasites, and prions.
Contagious (Communicable) Disease: Infectious diseases transmitted directly from person to person through contact, droplets, or vectors.
Empiric Therapy: Initial broad-spectrum antimicrobial treatment started before pathogen identification, guided by clinical judgment and local resistance patterns.
Antibiogram: A chart summarizing antimicrobial susceptibility data from isolates over a specific period, guiding empiric antibiotic selection.
Antibiotic Resistance: The ability of bacteria to grow in the presence of antibiotics that would normally inhibit or kill them, caused by intrinsic resistance, selection pressure, acquired resistance genes, or enzymatic degradation.
1. What is an infectious disease?
2. Which disease is primarily transmitted via airborne droplets?
3. What is the primary role or purpose of different antibiotic drug classes?
Infectious Disease — definition?
Illness caused by pathogens like viruses or bacteria.
Pathogen — role?
Microorganism causing disease in hosts.
Transmission — mechanisms?
Contact, ingestion, droplets, vectors.
Contagious disease — transmission?
Spread directly or indirectly between people.
Empiric therapy — purpose?
Start broad antibiotics before pathogen ID.
Antibiogram — use?
Guides empiric antibiotic choices.
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