What are cells in biology?
Cells are the units of life.
How do cells differ from each other?
Cells vary in size, shape, content, and function.
What controls the activities of cells?
Genes control the activities of cells.
What are the three main components of a cell?
The cell membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm are the main components.
What is the cell membrane?
The cell membrane is a mostly lipid boundary containing proteins that regulates movement into and out of the cell.
What is the cytoplasm?
The cytoplasm is a gel-like component containing the cytoskeleton and suspended organelles.
What does the nucleus contain?
The nucleus contains DNA.
What separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm?
A nuclear envelope separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm.
What is one function of the endoplasmic reticulum in cells?
It transports molecules within the cell.
Where are ribosomes located in the cell?
On the rough endoplasmic reticulum and in the cytoplasm.
What role does the Golgi apparatus play in protein processing?
It further processes and refines proteins.
What is the main function of mitochondria in cells?
They capture and release energy through cellular respiration.
What do lysosomes do in the cell?
They break down various molecules.
What structures make up the cytoskeleton?
Microtubules and microfilaments.
What is the function of the centrosome during cell division?
It is used to organize cell division.
What enables cell movement among cellular structures?
Flagella enable cell movement.
Which processes are included in passive movement across cell membranes?
Simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, and filtration.
Which processes are included in active movement across cell membranes?
Active transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis.
What distinguishes active movement from passive movement across membranes?
Active movement requires energy and includes active transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis.
Which processes are classified as active movement through cell membranes?
Active transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis.
Which phases does the cell cycle proceed through?
Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
What happens to the cell during interphase?
The cell grows and replicates its DNA.
What occurs to centrosomes and chromatids during prophase?
Centrosomes produce centrioles that move apart, and chromatids become visible.
What happens to the nuclear membrane and spindle fibers in prophase?
The nuclear membrane disappears and spindle fibers appear.
Where do chromatids line up during metaphase?
In the middle of the cell.
What do spindle fibers do during anaphase?
They pull chromatids apart into individual chromosomes.
What is cell differentiation?
The process by which cells become different types with specific functions.
How are new cells formed?
New cells are formed by old cells through cell division.
Teste seu conhecimento com 14 perguntas sobre Cell Structure and Function.
1. Which statement best describes cells as the basic units of life?
2. Why can different types of cells perform different functions even though they contain genetic material?
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