Тест: Fundamentals of Computer Architecture — 10 въпроса

1. What is the main focus of computer organization?

A. The implementation details of the architecture

B. The operational attributes of the computer

C. The instruction set as a design concept

D. The abstract behavior of programs only

Answer: (A)

Обяснение

Computer organization mainly deals with how the architecture is implemented in hardware. By contrast, computer architecture focuses on operational attributes and the instruction set.

2. Which technology is most closely associated with fourth-generation computers?

A. VLSI technology

B. Vacuum tubes

C. Transistors

D. Integrated circuits

Answer: (A)

Обяснение

Fourth-generation computers are linked to VLSI technology. Vacuum tubes, transistors, and integrated circuits are associated with earlier generations.

3. Which type of computer operates by counting?

A. Analog computer

B. Mechanical computer

C. Digital computer

D. Hybrid computer

Answer: (C)

Обяснение

A digital computer operates by counting. Analog computers use continuous physical quantities, while hybrid computers combine both approaches.

4. Which computer unit performs arithmetic and logical operations?

A. Control unit

B. ALU

C. Input unit

D. Output unit

Answer: (B)

Обяснение

The ALU is responsible for arithmetic and logical operations. The control unit directs operations, while input and output units handle data entry and result presentation.

5. Which memory is small, fast, and used to speed up access to frequently needed data?

A. ROM

B. Cache memory

C. Secondary storage

D. RAM

Answer: (B)

Обяснение

Cache memory is small and fast RAM that speeds access to data. Secondary storage is permanent, and ROM is mainly used to store the operating system.

6. Which operating system type is linked to the first generation of computers?

A. Multiprogramming operating system

B. Time-sharing operating system

C. Real-time operating system

D. Batch processing operating system

Answer: (D)

Обяснение

Batch processing operating systems are associated with first-generation computers. Multiprogramming and time-sharing are linked to later generations.

7. Which classification groups computers as digital, analog, or hybrid?

A. By operating principles

B. By physical size

C. By brand family

D. By user count

Answer: (A)

Обяснение

Digital, analog, and hybrid is a classification based on operating principles. Single-user and multi-user describe a different classification scheme.

8. How do parallel computers improve performance?

A. By executing work simultaneously to increase speed

B. By executing instructions one after another

C. By processing only one instruction per cycle

D. By delaying execution until all tasks are loaded

Answer: (A)

Обяснение

Parallel computers execute work in parallel, which improves execution speed. Sequential computers, in contrast, execute instructions one by one.

9. Which computer is commonly used for CAD/CAM applications?

A. Supercomputer

B. Laptop

C. Workstation

D. Mainframe computer

Answer: (C)

Обяснение

A workstation is used in CAD/CAM applications. Laptops are portable, supercomputers are used for tasks like weather forecasting, and mainframes are used for large-scale transaction processing.

10. What does a compiler do?

A. Translates a program line by line

B. Translates a high-level language program into machine language

C. Stores binary digits in memory

D. Converts assembly language into machine language

Answer: (B)

Обяснение

A compiler translates a high-level language program into machine language. An interpreter works line by line, and an assembler converts assembly language into machine language.