Fundamentals of Computer Architecture

Revision sheet excerpt

Course Outline

  1. Computer architecture vs organization
  2. Computer generations and key technologies
  3. Computer types by data representation
  4. Basic computer units and functions
  5. Memory hierarchy and cache
  6. Operating systems across generations
  7. Computer classifications by operating principles
  8. Parallel and sequential execution concepts
  9. Common computer examples and applications
  10. Programming language translators and devices

1. Computer architecture vs organization

Key Concepts & Definitions

  • Computer Architecture : Computer architecture deals with the operational attributes of a computer.
  • Computer Organization : Computer organization mainly focuses on implementing the architecture.
  • Instruction Set Architecture ISA : Instruction Set Architecture is the part of architecture that specifies the instruction set.

Essential Points

  • Computer architecture is tested as operational attributes rather than physical wiring.
  • Computer organization is tested as implementation rather than internet speed or graphics design.
  • ISA is identified as belonging to computer architecture in the MCQ.
  • Hardware details are identified as belonging to computer organization in the MCQ.

Memory Hook

Architecture = what it does; Organization = how it’s built.

2. Computer generations and key technologies

Key Concepts & Definitions

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Quiz preview

1. What is the main focus of computer organization?

2. Which technology is most closely associated with fourth-generation computers?

3. Which type of computer operates by counting?

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Flashcards preview

Computer architecture — focus?

Operational attributes of a computer.

Computer organization — focus?

Implementation of architecture.

Instruction Set Architecture — belongs to?

Computer architecture.

First generation tech?

Vacuum tubes.

Second generation tech?

Transistors.

Third generation tech?

Integrated circuits (ICs).

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