Flashcards: Internet and Web Technologies — 50 cards

What is the Internet?

A worldwide collection of interconnected computer networks exchanging data.

What does an Internet Service Provider (ISP) do?

Provides customers with Internet access using various technologies.

What is the abbreviation origin of the Internet?

It comes from 'INTErnational NETwork'.

Which ISPs are identified for the UAE?

Du and Etisalat.

When was ARPAnet, the first network, created?

In 1969.

Who developed TCP/IP during the 1970s?

Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn.

What technology did Paul Baran develop in the 1960s?

Packet-switching technology.

How many people were connected to the Internet by January 2021?

4.66 billion people.

What is the World Wide Web?

A system of servers storing specially formatted documents called web pages that link to one another.

Who started the World Wide Web project in 1989?

Tim Berners-Lee.

In which year did Tim Berners-Lee start the World Wide Web project?

1989.

What technologies does the Web use to share information?

HTTP, HTML, a browser, and a server.

On what is the Web built?

The Internet.

How many people did the Web reach in four years after becoming public?

50 million people.

How long did it take radio to reach 50 million people?

38 years.

How long did it take television to reach 50 million people?

13 years.

What does the client-server model describe in web communication?

A relationship where a web client requests a service and a web server fulfills it.

What is a web client in internet communication?

Browser software like Internet Explorer, Chrome, or Firefox that uses HTTP to request web pages.

What role does a web server play in web communication?

It receives requests and transmits a status code, web page, and associated files.

What is the first step in web communication after a user enters a URL?

The browser obtains the server IP address from DNS.

What does Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) define?

How web browsers and web servers communicate as the foundation of Web data communication.

What is HTTPS and when is it used?

The secure version of HTTP that encrypts data between client and server, used in banking and online purchases.

What is a Uniform Resource Locator (URL)?

A web address that identifies a resource on a web server and specifies how to retrieve it.

What is the function of the Domain Name System (DNS)?

It finds a website's IP address when a browser receives a URL, acting like an address book.

What is HTML used for in web development?

To create basic web pages and define website structure and content.

What does CSS stand for and what is its purpose?

Cascading Style Sheet used to style web pages.

Which technologies add interactivity like slide shows and games to web pages?

JavaScript, JQuery, and AJAX.

What do TCP and IP protocols define?

How data should travel across the Internet.

What characterizes Web 1.0 in terms of user interaction?

Users passively consume information without interaction.

How do users interact on Web 2.0?

Users create content and act as producer-consumers.

Which services exemplify Web 2.0 social web?

Facebook, Twitter, and Wikipedia.

Who coined the term Web 2.0?

Dale Dougherty of O’Reilly.

What is Web 3.0 also called?

The Semantic Web.

What does Web 3.0 enable computers to do?

Analyze data and generate content suited to users' needs.

What characterizes a static website's content and update method?

Its content does not change automatically and is updated manually.

How does a dynamic website update its content?

Content is generated and updated automatically through a database.

Name some types of websites based on content or purpose.

They include search engines, directories, informational sites, blogs, company sites, forums, ecommerce, social networks, and file-sharing services.

What is the main purpose of a web application?

It is intended for user interactions and transactions performing business functions.

Give an example of a web application.

Amazon.com and HCT portal registration are examples of web applications.

What defines a Rich Internet Application (RIA)?

A web application providing desktop-like features inside a browser without client software installation.

What does responsive design do for a website?

It creates one website that adapts to various screen sizes.

What factors affect how a web page is displayed?

Monitor size and screen resolution affect web page display.

What is browser compatibility?

It is a browser's ability to properly interpret HTML.

How do designers address browser differences?

By testing in many browsers and following HTML and CSS standards.

What organization develops web technology standards?

The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) develops web standards.

What does the W3C publish?

It publishes specifications called Recommendations.

What guidelines does the W3C set?

It sets guidelines for web accessibility.

What does W3C stand for?

World Wide Web Consortium.

What are the main steps in publishing a website?

Registering a domain, selecting hosting, and uploading via FTP.

Where can a website be hosted?

On the owner's server or rented hosting space.