Understanding NoSQL: Scalability and Data Models

Revision sheet excerpt

Course Outline

  1. NOSQL & Definition
  2. Scaling & Horizontal Methods
  3. CAP Theorem & Properties
  4. Data Models & Types
  5. Key-Value & API
  6. Document & JSON
  7. Column-Based & Families
  8. Graph & Interconnectivity
  9. Tradeoffs & NoSQL Use
  10. Next-Gen & NewSQL

1. NOSQL & Definition

Key Concepts & Definitions

  • NOSQL (Not Only SQL): A class of non-relational databases designed to handle large-scale, distributed data with flexible schemas, offering high scalability and performance.
  • Schema-less Data: Data stored without a fixed schema, allowing dynamic and flexible data models such as JSON, XML, or key-value pairs.
  • Horizontal Scalability: The ability to increase capacity by adding more servers or nodes, essential for handling big data and high traffic.
  • CAP Theorem: A principle stating that in a distributed system, it is impossible to simultaneously guarantee Consistency, Availability, and Partition Tolerance; systems must choose two.
  • Eventual Consistency: A consistency model where updates propagate asynchronously, and all nodes will eventually become consistent without strict real-time guarantees.
  • Types of NOSQL DBMS: Categorized into key-value, document-based, column-based, and graph-based systems, each optimized for specific data models and use cases.

Essential Points

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Quiz preview

1. How does the CAP Theorem differentiate between consistency and availability in distributed systems?

2. What does NOSQL stand for and what is its primary design focus?

3. What is the primary role of horizontal scaling methods in distributed database systems?

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Flashcards preview

NOSQL — definition?

Non-relational databases for scalable, flexible data storage.

NOSQL — definition?

Non-relational databases handling large-scale, distributed data.

Scaling — horizontal method?

Adding more servers/nodes to distribute workload.

Schema-less Data — advantage?

Allows flexible, dynamic data models.

CAP Theorem — properties?

Impossible to guarantee all three: consistency, availability, partition tolerance.

Horizontal Scalability — role?

Increases capacity by adding servers.

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The quiz contains 9 multiple-choice questions with detailed corrections and explanations for each answer. Ideal for testing your knowledge and identifying gaps.

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