đ Self-consciousness differs from immediate awareness of external things, such as seeing or listening, and from moral consciousness, which concerns knowledge of good and evil.
Immediate awareness faces outward; reflective self-consciousness takes the self as its object.
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Even if everything is doubted, the act of doubting establishes that the doubter thinks and exists: âI think, therefore I amâ (Cogito ergo sum). - Descartes, MĂ©ditations mĂ©taphysiques
Descartesâs doubt has three characteristics:
Further detail
1. What makes an act of thought an instance of self-consciousness?
2. A person sees a tree and then judges that a dishonest act is wrong; which distinction best describes these two forms of awareness?
3. What is Descartes trying to establish through radical, methodical, and hyperbolic doubt?
What capacity lets a subject take itself as the object of its own thought?
Self-consciousness.
Which work presents Descartesâs search for an absolutely certain first truth?
Méditations métaphysiques.
What does Descartes conclude from the act of doubting?
The doubter thinks and exists.
Which work contains Descartesâs Cogito argument?
Méditations métaphysiques.
According to David Hume, what does consciousness of oneâs condition in the universe include?
Awareness of human finitude and mortality.
According to Pascal, what two aspects of humanity does consciousness reveal?
Human greatness and human weakness.
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