A route to India
Explanation
Columbus reached the New World in 1492 while searching for India. The Spanish exploration of the Southwest described in another choice was led by Coronado in 1540.
It lasted from June 20, 1675, to April 12, 1678, and involved the Wampanoags and Narragansetts
Explanation
King Philip's War ran from June 20, 1675, through April 12, 1678, and involved an alliance between the Wampanoags and Narragansetts. Substituting another Indigenous nation or changing either endpoint gives an inaccurate account.
Nomadic hunting and gathering in bands of extended families
Explanation
Paleo-Indians were nomadic hunters and gatherers who lived in bands of extended families. Permanent agricultural settlement became more common later as cultivation encouraged a more sedentary life.
The Anasazi, also known as the Ancestral Puebloans
Explanation
The Anasazi, or Ancestral Puebloans, built Great Houses in the Southwest, particularly in present-day New Mexico, during this period. The Mississippians developed farther east, with Cahokia as their largest urban center.
Drought, English distrust, kidnapping, and territorial expansion strained relations despite food-for-weapons trade.
Explanation
The Powhatan Confederacy initially traded food such as corn for weapons, but drought, English distrust, kidnapping, and territorial expansion worsened relations. The early trade did not prevent conflict as English expansion continued.
They had local powers and freedoms while remaining subject to the Crown and Virginia Company.
Explanation
Virginia colonists could exercise local governing powers and freedoms while remaining subjects of the English realm under the Crown and Virginia Company. Their local authority did not make the colony independent of those authorities.
Members should place the good of the whole before private concerns
Explanation
Winthrop described a communal project in which members put the good of the whole ahead of private concerns. The emphasis was on collective responsibility, not prioritizing individual prosperity over the community.
To establish a settlement that offered religious freedom
Explanation
The settlers, including Separatists led by William Bradford, undertook the voyage principally to establish a settlement motivated by religious freedom. Trade and imperial expansion may have mattered in colonial history, but they were not the main motivation identified for this voyage.
Poor preparation, disease, and severe drought affected settlers in a swampy location.
Explanation
The settlers were poorly prepared, faced disease and severe drought, and had established themselves on a swampy peninsula. Opechancanough’s coordinated attack occurred much later, in 1622.
Francesco Vasquez de Coronado
Explanation
In 1540, Francesco Vasquez de Coronado explored the Southwest for Spain and encountered Pueblo peoples. Hernando De Soto led a separate expedition through the Southeast in 1539.
Puritan religious freedom generally protected their own practice, not dissenters' equivalent freedom
Explanation
Puritans migrated in the name of religious freedom but generally did not extend equivalent freedom to people outside their own church. The idea that their policy protected all denominations equally reverses this distinction.
It promised 50 acres to each new arrival who paid their own passage.
Explanation
The headright system promised 50 acres to each new arrival who paid their own passage, encouraging migration and supplying labor. It was tied to paying one’s own passage, not to having the colony pay it.
Jamestown in the Chesapeake Bay
Explanation
The Virginia Company established Jamestown in the Chesapeake Bay in 1607, and it became the first successful English settlement in America. Roanoke was an earlier English settlement attempt, but it became known as the lost colony.
The London Company received 34°–41° and the Plymouth Company 38°–45°, with a 100-mile separation rule in their overlap.
Explanation
The charter assigned 34°–41° to the London Company and 38°–45° to the Plymouth Company, while barring them from settling within 100 miles of one another in the overlap. The overlapping claims did not allow unrestricted settlement there.
Tobacco exports reached 1.5 million pounds of cured leaves in the 1620s.
Explanation
After Rolfe introduced tobacco cultivation in 1611, exports reached 1.5 million pounds of cured leaves in the 1620s. The 1622 figure is the year of Opechancanough’s attack, not the start of tobacco cultivation.
Warming supported an agricultural revolution and the development of organized societies.
Explanation
The Medieval Optimum was a period of climatic warming that supported an agricultural revolution, with the three sisters becoming a main food source as organized societies developed. The cooling and dispersal described in another choice characterize the later Little Ice Age.
Paleo-Indians
Explanation
The traditional account identifies the first Americans as Paleo-Indians who migrated from Asia across the Bering Strait. Ancestral Puebloans were a later society known for building Great Houses in the Southwest.
It had 22 elected burgesses, limited local powers, and actions subject to the governor’s veto.
Explanation
Virginia established an elected General Assembly of 22 burgesses in 1619, but its local powers were limited and the governor could veto its actions. The assembly was not an unrestricted legislature.
They recognized it officially, taxed residents for churches and ministers, and required church membership to vote
Explanation
Puritan governments treated Congregationalism as the officially recognized religion, taxed residents to support meetinghouses and ministers, and required church membership to vote in Massachusetts Bay and New Haven. The rule did not make religious support voluntary or grant political participation to all residents.
Adult male church members who owned property
Explanation
Voting was granted to adult male church members who also owned property. Paying taxes or belonging to the church without meeting the other stated qualifications did not match the rule.
At Cahokia near modern Saint Louis
Explanation
Cahokia, near modern Saint Louis, was the largest urban center of the Mississippian culture, which developed in the Midwest and Southeast. Chaco Canyon was a major regional center associated with Southwest trading networks.
Reduced farming contributed to instability and urban decline, followed by dispersal into diverse polities and language groups.
Explanation
From the fourteenth century through the 1800s, the Little Ice Age reduced agricultural activity and contributed to political instability and the decline of major Mississippian cities; populations later dispersed into diverse polities and language groups. A single unified political system does not describe the varied communities that emerged after the decline.
It killed 347 colonists, about one quarter of the settlers.
Explanation
The coordinated attacks on March 22, 1622, killed 347 colonists, roughly one quarter of the settlers. The figure of 500 deaths refers to a later attack in 1644.
Fourteen women and six men were hanged, one man was pressed to death, and more than 140 people were jailed
Explanation
The accusations led to 14 women and 6 men being hanged, one man being pressed to death, and more than 140 people being jailed; there were also 54 confessions. The alternative counts alter the recorded number of executions, press deaths, or imprisonments.
Indentured servants were bound by five-to-seven-year contracts, while enslaved people faced lifelong service.
Explanation
Indentured service typically lasted five to seven years, whereas African slavery developed as lifelong service. The common confusion is to reverse those terms, assigning lifelong status to indentured servants and a limited contract to enslaved people.
King William's War brought conflict involving French and Indigenous forces and New England colonists, along with refugees to Essex County
Explanation
The Salem crisis peaked amid insecurity associated with King William's War, which involved French and Indigenous forces and New England colonists and brought refugees to Essex County. King Philip's War occurred earlier, while the specified conflict and refugee context belongs to King William's War.
Agriculture encouraged people to live more sedentary lives.
Explanation
Cultivating the three sisters—corn, squash, and beans—encouraged people in present-day central Mexico to adopt a more sedentary life. The reduction in farming and resulting instability belong to the later Little Ice Age, not this early agricultural change.
Create a civil body and make and obey laws for the colony's common good
Explanation
The signers formed a civil body and agreed to make and obey laws for the colony's common good. The Compact established civil governance rather than a system for electing church leaders or distributing land.
Lock in the answers with 72 flashcards on Early American Republic.
What name is given to the first Americans?
Paleo-Indians.
When does the traditional account place migration across the Bering Strait?
Around 12,000–10,000 BC.
How did Paleo-Indians organize their communities?
They lived in bands of extended families.
Go over the full study guide for Early American Republic.
Read the study guide →Upload your class notes and Revizly writes a practice quiz with explained answers in about a minute.
Quiz maker