What are diatopic varieties in linguistics?
Geographical forms of a language differing by territory.
Into which blocks is Galician divided?
Western, Central, and Eastern blocks.
Which isogloss characterizes the Western Galician block?
Cans.
Which isogloss characterizes the Central Galician block?
Cas.
Which isogloss characterizes the Eastern Galician block?
Cais.
What plural ending is typical in the Western block?
Plural forms in -ns, as in cans and ladrons.
Which phonetic feature is shown by the Western block in words like ghato and amigha?
The Western block presents gheada.
What ending appears in masculine and feminine forms in the Western block?
The ending -an appears in forms like o irman and a irman.
What type of seseo is found in Western areas for words like lus?
Implosive seseo is found in Western areas for words like lus.
What type of seseo is found in Western areas for words like sinco and des?
Explosive seseo is found in Western areas for words like sinco and des.
What seseo pronunciation do other Western forms retain in words like mazá and corazón?
They retain non-explosive seseo pronunciations.
Which areas are included in the Western block?
The Bergantiñá, Fisterrá and Pontevedresa areas are included.
Name three relevant phenomena of the Western block.
Seseo, gheada and cheísmo are relevant phenomena of the Western block.
What plural ending does the Central block generally use?
-s
Which diphthong appears in Central block forms like moito and noite?
oi
What are the masculine and feminine endings in Central block forms like o irmao and a irma?
-ao for masculine and -a for feminine
Which pronoun does Central speech use in its more western part?
ti
Which pronoun does Central speech use in its eastern part?
tu
Which pronoun form is used in the lucu-auriense area of Central speech?
il
Which areas are included in the Central block?
mindoniense and lucu-auriense
Which demonstratives are used in the lucu-auriense area?
iste, ise, and aquil
How do Eastern block plurals form from singulars ending in -n or -l?
They form plurals in -is.
Which diphthong appears in Eastern block words like cuatro and cuando?
The diphthong [wa].
What is the ending of the second-person plural verbs in the Eastern block?
The ending is -is.
Which pronoun is used in the Eastern block?
The pronoun tu.
What endings appear in Eastern block words like mao and irmao?
The endings -ao and -ao.
Name the main Eastern areas of the Eastern block.
Asturiana, Zamorana, Oriental-Central, and Ancaresa.
To which linguistic block does the speech of Vigo belong?
The Western block.
Which area and macroarea include Vigo's speech?
Pontevedresa area and Verdugo-Miño macroarea.
What microsubarea is Vigo's speech part of?
Fragoso-Morrazo microsubarea.
What linguistic zone is Vigo a transition towards?
The speech of the Val Miñor.
How can Vigo gheada be pronounced?
As strong velar [x] or aspirated softer [h].
What does Vigo seseo involve?
The absence of the voiceless interdental fricative /θ/.
What is happening to gheada and seseo among younger people in Vigo?
They are in retreat.
How does the hiatus -oa from OLA change in Vigo?
It may reduce to -ó in forms like Pereiró and filló.
Which sequences have varied forms in Vigo like muito and truita?
-ult, -uct and -oct sequences vary in Vigo.
How do acute nouns ending in -l form plurals in Vigo?
They form plurals with -s, like reás and cadrís.
What distinctions does Vigo make in pronouns and demonstratives?
It distinguishes nós from nosoutros, vós from vosoutros, and uses isto, iso, aquilo.
What is the usual ending for first-person singular perfect of first-conjugation verbs in Vigo?
They usually end in -ei, as in cheghuei and mirei.
What is the border variation in first-person singular perfect endings near Miñor and Louriñá?
They use -en endings, like cheghén and mirén.
What verb construction does Vigo use for obligatory periphrasis?
Querer followed by a flexed participle.
Name some unique verb forms found in Vigo.
Imos, ides, iamos, iades; trúen, truera; subjunctive haba, habas; and tès, tes, teis.
Which suffixes and verb choice characterize Vigo's affective and gentilic forms?
Suffixes -ote/-ota, -exa/-exo, and the verb mirar instead of ver.
Test your knowledge with 18 questions on Galician Diatopic Varieties.
1. What does the term diatopic variety describe?
2. Which three major dialectal blocks divide Galician?
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